[已解决问题] 请英语高手帮忙翻译一个很短的摘要，急！
摘要：中国书院历经了一千多年的历史发展与制度变迁。书院一方面体现出独立的文化创新精神，成为当时教育改革、学术创新的大本营；另一方面又与官方密切合作，而有很强的“官学化”趋势。导致书院发展趋势与 变迁的原因在书院内部，即作为书院创建、主持的古代士大夫及其价值取向。
关键词：书院；官学化；士大夫；自由讲学
关键词：书院；官学化；士大夫；自由讲学
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Abstract: The Chinese academy has experienced a historical development and system vicissitude of more than 1,000 years. The academy on the one hand manifests the independent cultural innovation spirit, being a supreme head quarter of the education reform and the academic innovation at that time; On the other hand ,however, with the close official cooperation, it has a very strong tendency to persue an "office-oriented education" .Causes of the academy's development tendency and the reason of vicissitude are located in the inner part of the academy, namely the ancient Literary intelligentsias ,founders and managers of the Academy, and their values . key word: Academy; office-oriented education; Literary intelligentsia; Free lecture Abstract:Historical development and system changes going through more than 1,000 years in the academy of China.On one hand the academy embodies independent culture initiative spirit, become the base camp where educational reform, academy innovated at that time;on the other hand cooperate with the official side closely, and there are very strong " the officer learns to melt " trends. Cause the development trend of the academy and reason of the changes within the academy, i.e. ancient court official and his value orientation of establishing, presiding over the academy. Keyword:Academy; The officer learns to melt; Court official; Give lectures in freedom |
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1个月前 kk75 : China's College after 1,000 years of history of the development and system changes. College On the one hand, reflects the spirit of independent innovation culture, as was the education reform, the stronghold of academic innovation, on the other hand, in close cooperation with the government, and has a strong "official school" trend. College led to the development trend and the reasons for the changes in the internal College, as a College, presided over the ancient literati and its value orientation. |