沪江小Q / 全部问题 / 考试英语 / 专四专八
最好是英文版的，实在不行就中文版 ！！！
谢谢了,先！
问题补充：首先是主语是中国和美国 不是东西方
其次 是餐桌文化差异 并不是文化也不是礼仪文化 是餐桌！！！
谢谢了,先！
问题补充：首先是主语是中国和美国 不是东西方
其次 是餐桌文化差异 并不是文化也不是礼仪文化 是餐桌！！！
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首先，思维与语言的关系犹如母与子的关系。先有人类思维后有语言、图画、音乐等外在表现形式。Language serves as dress of thought．Thoughts are always expressed by words
Without thinking，language would be meaningless? 那么，思维又是如何作用在语言形式上的呢?通过研究可知：思维---表现法---语言具体形式。 现在，我们就来简单分析一下中国人与西方人由历史渊源、地域特性及哲学与文化心理不同而导致的思维的根本差异。 中国自古以来就是传统的农业大国，即所谓“靠天吃饭”。农业、土地与民生息息相关，所以就形成了“天人合一”这一中国文化的精髓。即把人与自然视为和谐统一的整体，人类文化与天命自然统一。The Taoist notion Of following nature is closed related，as in other naturalistic movements，to the idea of fate．这种中国文化的最高境界使中国人习惯于崇尚自然、行于自然；不违天命、顺其自然的处世哲学和宿命论，即Let things remain as they are．而在人与天地万物协调共存的世界中，则存在着循环往复、生生不息的发展变化。美国人说这是moving in endless circles and repeating it over and over again。中国的儒家与道家哲学就深深体现了这种观点。如“道生一、一生二、二生三、三生万物，万物归于道”等，这就是汉民族的循回式思维方式，比如在语言表现法中有回环式： “人不犯我，我不犯人”，及递进式表达： “道高一尺，魔高一丈”。所以，中国人表达事物总是按时间和事理发展顺序由因到果、由先到后、由大到小进行阐述，这种思维模式可称为具体一般型表达(Particular-General Pattern)。习惯于问题解决型模式(Problem-solution Pattern)，它们不仅在语言上如此，在文化艺术、经济活动中也都占有统治地位。也就是说中国人擅长具象思维。 西方人恰恰相反，他们一向将人与自然分隔开来，认为思维是独立于自然之外的客观事物，讲究“人物分立”，人能够通过斗争征服自然、改造自然。从美国前总统里根(Ronald Reagan)说过的一句话之中我们就可见一斑： I do not believe in fate that falls on us no matter what we do，but，1 do believe in fate that will fall on us if we do nothing．(我不相信，无论我们做什么，我们的命运都一样；但是我相 信，如果我们什么都不做，我们的命运是一样的。) 也就是说，He wants us to believe in the struggle，not in the fate．诸多此类象美国人热衷于job-hopping(跳槽)，美国人的梦想便是being a self-made man from rags to riches。再比 如，从东方人与西方人做事的动因也可以发现： The Chinese is always described as a person who does things because they have been done before．And the Americans a person who does things because they haven’t been done before．(中国人做一件事是因为这件事以前有人做过；美国人做一件事是因为这件事以前从未有人做过。)Americans love to try something new mostly because of a belief that newer maybe better．(美国人喜欢尝试新事物，很大程度上因为他们认为更 新的可能是更好的。) 通过研究可知，英语自莎士比亚时代以来有很大发展。英语被誉为理性语言，这与欧美哲学较早与改造、征服自然的科学技术相结合，特别是培根和洛克等一代启蒙哲学家恪守的客观形式化方法(即逻辑论证)很有关系。British people love science and technology because these fields of study bring the excitement of new discovery． (英国人热爱科学技术因为它能带来新发现，是改造自然、征服自然的最有力武器。) The love
3年前 回答者： 艳艳88373922 - Q果七级
中美餐桌大不同
◆中国父母有喂孩子吃饭的习惯：小时候在自己嘴里嚼软，再喂进婴儿口中；稍大之后，再一勺一勺喂。 美国孩子从能够拿动勺子的时候起，就开始自己吃饭，弄得满脸满身，家长也不管。 ◆中国家长对待孩子一个明确标准就是要吃饱吃好，并且尽量多吃。一般情况下，父母都会在孩子准备放下碗筷的时候连哄带骗，逼他多吃几口才许离桌。 美国家庭孩子想吃什么就吃什么，一说吃饱了，就可以放下刀叉走人。几乎所有美国孩子都不喜欢吃青菜，有的家长会要求孩子吃一些，孩子坚持不吃，也就算了。 ◆除了多吃，还要吃好，鸡鸭鱼肉早已经吃腻，山珍海味也已经不新鲜，有的家长已经开始给孩子吃人参、燕窝等补品了。 美国人不硬逼孩子多吃或是吃什么补品，但会主动给孩子补钙，也严禁孩子喝可口可乐等软饮料，不许多吃糖。 ◆国内许多机关单位，中午也只有一个钟头午餐时间，许多做父母的一到点，天大的事也得放下，穿人山过车海，赶回家去，给孩子做顿中午饭。只怕大人不在，孩子吃不饱。 美国从上小学一年级开始，就在学校吃午饭。家庭贫穷的学生在学校领免费午餐，中产阶级的孩子则带饭到校，大多不过一片三明治，一瓶果汁，加一块甜点。孩子怎么吃，吃多少，家长一无所知，也根本不问。 ◆中国家长讲实惠，注重孩子吃什么，吃多少，一般对吃相不太在意。大人小孩，吃得热热闹闹，咂嘴吸汤，剔牙打嗝，尽情尽兴。 虽然美国家长最注重孩子的吃相。美国中产阶级家庭的孩子，从小就得练到能够用刀叉在盘中剥掉虾皮，只叉虾仁入口的水平。而且还不许在瓷盘上切出声响。 百度首页 | 百度空间 | 登录 很好的英语故事很简单、很有趣、很感人；学英语本不该那么苦。 [博主的名字叫“美味英语”] 主页博客相册|个人档案 |好友 查看文章 Fish Cheeks / 餐桌上的中美文化大碰撞：中国人和美国人同吃年夜饭 （文化故事）[难度：中]2008-01-15 17:17 餐桌上的中美文化碰撞： 中国人和美国人一起吃年夜饭 Fish Cheeks I fell in love with the minister's son the winter I turned fourteen. He was not Chinese, but as white as Mary in the manger. For Christmas I prayed for this blond-haired boy, Robert, and a slim new American nose. When I found out that my parents had invited the minister's family over for Christmas Eve dinner, I cried. What would Robert think of our shabby Chinese Christmas? What would he think of our noisy Chinese relatives who lacked proper American manners? What terrible disappointment would he feel upon seeing not a roasted turkey and sweet potatoes but Chinese food? On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu. She was pulling black veins out of the backs of fleshy prawns. The kitchen was littered with appalling mounds of raw food: A slimy rock cod with bulging eyes that pleaded not to be thrown into a pan of hot oil. Tofu, which looked like stacked wedges of rubbery white sponges. A bowl soaking dried fungus back to life. A plate of squid, their back crisscrossed with knife markings so they resembled bicycle tires. And then they arrived --- the minister's family and all my relatives in a clamor of doorbells and rumpled Christmas packages. Robert grunted hello, and I pretended he was not worthy of existence. Dinner threw me deeper into despair. My relatives licked the ends of their chopsticks and reached across the table, dipping them into the dozen or so plates of food. Robert and his family waited patiently for platters to be passed to them. My relatives murmured with pleasure when my mother brought out the whole steam fish. Robert grimaced. Then my father poked his chopsticks just below the fish eye and plucked out the soft meat. "Amy, your favorite," he said, offering me the tender fish cheek. I wanted to disappear. At the end of the meal my father leaned back to and belched loudly, thanking my mother for her fine cooking. "It's a polite Chinese custom to show you are satisfied," explained my father to our astonished guests. Robert was looking down at his plate with a reddened face. The minister managed to muster up a quiet burp. I was stunned into silence for the rest of the night. After everyone had gone, my mother told me, "You want to be the same as American girls on the outside." She handed me an early gift. It was a miniskirt in beige tweed. "But inside you must always be Chinese. You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame." And even though I didn't agree with her then, I knew that she understood how much I had suffered during the evening's dinner. It wasn't until many years later --- long after I had gotten over my crush on Robert --- that I was able to fully appreciate her lesson and the true purpose behind out particular menu. For Christmas Eve that year, she had chosen all my favorite foods. 最后修改于 2008/6/13 8:17:20
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