[已关闭问题] 请帮忙翻译以下段落(中译英): 不是本人的专业,希望有人相助
对于参与国际经济的工商企业来说,如何管理或规避汇率风险呢?
首先,将汇率风险纳入价格。最简单办法就是将合同期内汇率可能波动的幅度完全纳入价格中,这种情况要求汇率风险规避一方要拥有完全的定价权,将汇率风险完全转嫁给交易对方。例如,假设预测合同期内本币汇率的波动幅度是5%,既有可能上涨、也有可能下跌。在这种情况下,拥有定价权一方,若是出口,报价提高5%,若是进口则降低5%,假如果真汇率朝着对有定价权一方不利的方向波动,由于价格中考虑了汇率风险,他仍获得正常的利润,倘若汇率朝着对其有利的方向波动,则他不仅没有任何风险,还获得了汇率波动的意外收益。一般工商企业很难有这种定价能力,只有具有绝对垄断地位的企业才容易做到。因此,一般的做法是在合同中列入一个汇率风险分担条款,由交易双方共同负担。
其次,运用汇率方面的金融工具管理风险。在进出口合同签订时或签订后,对于预测会有汇率风险者,可能通过运用远期外汇交易、货币期权、汇率期货等金融工具固定成本或收益来规避汇率风险。从理论上或比较成熟的市场来说，规避汇率风险手段包括：远期合同、借款保值、掉期保值、平衡责任、保理业务和外汇期权等。下面将略选其二，予以详述。
(以上为第一部分,接下来有第二部分)
问题补充：I know the work is tough, I just hope somebody can help me a little. I'll give everybody who answer it a bonus of 20 bucks.
首先,将汇率风险纳入价格。最简单办法就是将合同期内汇率可能波动的幅度完全纳入价格中,这种情况要求汇率风险规避一方要拥有完全的定价权,将汇率风险完全转嫁给交易对方。例如,假设预测合同期内本币汇率的波动幅度是5%,既有可能上涨、也有可能下跌。在这种情况下,拥有定价权一方,若是出口,报价提高5%,若是进口则降低5%,假如果真汇率朝着对有定价权一方不利的方向波动,由于价格中考虑了汇率风险,他仍获得正常的利润,倘若汇率朝着对其有利的方向波动,则他不仅没有任何风险,还获得了汇率波动的意外收益。一般工商企业很难有这种定价能力,只有具有绝对垄断地位的企业才容易做到。因此,一般的做法是在合同中列入一个汇率风险分担条款,由交易双方共同负担。
其次,运用汇率方面的金融工具管理风险。在进出口合同签订时或签订后,对于预测会有汇率风险者,可能通过运用远期外汇交易、货币期权、汇率期货等金融工具固定成本或收益来规避汇率风险。从理论上或比较成熟的市场来说，规避汇率风险手段包括：远期合同、借款保值、掉期保值、平衡责任、保理业务和外汇期权等。下面将略选其二，予以详述。
(以上为第一部分,接下来有第二部分)
问题补充：I know the work is tough, I just hope somebody can help me a little. I'll give everybody who answer it a bonus of 20 bucks.
(2)
|
我的天啊！怕啊～～～等其他朋友来翻译吧…… Said regarding the participation international economy industry and commerce enterprise that, how manages or dodges the exchange raterisk? First, brings into line with the exchange rate risk the price. The simplest means are gather the scope which the same time interior exchange rate possibly undulates completely to bring into line with in the price, this kind of situation request exchange rate risk dodges aside to have to have the complete fixed price power, completely passes the burden the exchange rate risk for the transaction opposite party.For example, the supposition forecast gathers in the same time the standard currency exchange rate margin of fluctuation is 5%, also has the possibility to rise, also to have the possibility to fall. In this kind of situation, has a fixed price power side, if exports,the quoted price enhances 5%, if imports reduces 5%, if really the exchange rate faces to is having a fixed price power side disadvantageous direction undulation, because in the price had considered the exchange rate risk, he still obtained the normal profit, if the exchange rate was facing to its advantageous direction undulation, then he not only did not have any risk, but also has obtained the exchange rate undulation accidental income. The general industry and commerce enterprise is very difficult to have this kind of fixed price ability, only has has the absolutely monopoly status the enterprise only then to be easy to achieve. Therefore, the general procedure is includes an exchange rate risk in the contract to share the provision, bears together by transaction both sides. Next, utilization exchange rate aspect financial tool management risk.Signs after the import and export contract now and then signs, can have the exchange rate risk regarding the forecast, possibly through utilizes financial tool fixed cost or the income and so on forward exchange transaction, currency time power, exchange rate stock dodges the exchange rate risk. Theoretically or the |