[已解决问题] 一个英语句子结构问题
提问者:ursaminor - Q芽二级  [收藏]
悬赏沪元:10 浏览 1238 次
今天看一篇介绍林奈的文章,有句的结构不是太清楚,请各位沪友帮忙:
He was the first scientist ever,in 1758,to draw the bold and sensational conclusion that the human race should be (1)placed in the same order as the apes,(2)naming it Homo sapiens,(3)of the order of Primates.
我的问题是2和3分句,他们是不是与1一样都为SHOULD BE 所接的宾语,形成并列关系?如果这样3句的开头为什么不加and?而且naming后面为什么还要加it?(我目前持该看法)   或者是2句为插入的非限定定语从句修饰human race?如果是这样那么2句修饰的对象到底是human race还是apes?(从意思上理解,智人应该是指的human race,但如果不明白单词的意思,仅从语法上怎样分辨呢?)    或者是其他的解释? 先谢谢各位的指教!
最佳答案
假设你不懂所有生词的意思,单看这个句子
human race should be placed in the same order as..., naming it..., of the order of...
可以这样分析:
(2) naming it... 属于动名词短语作修饰语,一般只能用来修饰之前的某事物(即 the apes)
(3) of the order of... 因为和(2)之间有逗号,所以要跳过(2),到(1)中去寻找和(3)中的of具有从属关系的对象。可以试着删去(2)读下句子:human race should be placed in the same order ... of the order ...前后一致,可以确认了。
2007-8-18 7:15:08 回答者:marusuki


提问者对于答案的评价:大家都回答得挺好的,每位回答者都让我对某些问题更加清楚了。不过只能选一位,觉得MARUSUKI(日文名字?)回答得比较全面清楚,结构清晰,所以我认为他(她)的答案是最佳答案。但是有个地方我不同意他(她)的意见,即NAMING IT。。修饰APES,我认为修饰的是HUMAN RACE,因为从意思上讲HOMO SAPIENS就是智人,智人是现代人的学名
其它回答(4)
This sentence might have a typo. Since "naming it homo sapiens" is definitely talking about "the human race", there shouldn't be a comma at (3).

The "it" refers to "the human race."

Corrected for comparison:
He was the first scientist ever, in 1758, to draw the bold and sensational conclusion that the human race should be placed in the same order as the apes, naming it homo sapiens of the order of primates.
  1年前   回答者:牛十九 - Q苗三级
He was the first scientist ever,in 1758,to draw the bold and sensational conclusion that the human race ,(2)naming it Homo sapiens,should be (1)placed in the same order as the apes,(3)of the order of Primates.按照中式的思维似乎应该是这样,只是外国人习惯把定语放在后面,所以个人认为(2)是定语修饰human race.而且仅从语法上讲should be后面加v-ing似乎不多见...

  1年前   回答者:sophia8718 - Q籽一级
naming it Homo sapiens 是个插入语,可以作同位成分,aps = Homo sapiens (类人猿);你也可以把它看作是从句转变的分词形式,还原为定语从句是which we name (as) Homo sapiens.
  1年前   回答者:xizili - Q叶五级
(i) Carolus Linnaeus placed human race in the same order as apes.

(ii) Apes are of the order of Primates.

(iii) Carolus Linnaeus called this new species (human) Homo sapiens.

...the human race should be placed in the same order as the apes of the order of Primates.

Now, figure out a place to insert "naming it Homo sapiens."

Get it?



  1年前   回答者:向宸 - Q枝四级
评论
1年前   marusuki :
TO: ursaminor
答案被选中很高兴,但同时也很惭愧,因为重看我的回复之后发现了(除了你指出的那个以外的)问题。为避免误导你,特此更正。
-----------------
(2) naming it... 属于动名词短语作修饰语,一般只能用来修饰之前的某事物(即 the apes)
-----------------
it 的确应该指 human race,即使不明白生词的意思,这一点也是能够判定的,因为it是单数。

naming it... 准确地说,属于“现在分词短语作状语”,而非“动名词短语”。
我查了语法书,“动名词”的主要特征如下:
动名词在句中可以充当主语或宾语,还可以被形容词/代词/名词修饰,前面也可以加冠词。例如:
There is no justification for the running away in such haste.(+冠词)
All seems smooth sailing. (+形容词)
What do you think of your class going out for an outing this weekend? (+代词)
动名词本身不能作状语,不过,如把动名词放在介词之后,可以起到状语作用。例如:
After getting up in the morning, he went out for a walk.

另外一点要注意的是,分词作状语时,可以放在句首/句中/句尾,但一般要用逗号同其他成分隔开。

1年前   ursaminor :
谢谢进一步的指正,看来这个“最佳”物有所值
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